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Download20book20Introduccion20a20ASPNet20Core: A Guide to Learn ASP.NET Core Web Development
Are you interested in learning how to develop web applications with ASP.NET Core? If so, you've come to the right place. In this article, you'll learn what ASP.NET Core is, how to download and install it, how to create a web application with it, and how to run and debug it. By the end of this article, you'll have a solid foundation of ASP.NET Core web development and be ready to explore more advanced topics.
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What is ASP.NET Core?
ASP.NET Core is a web framework created by Microsoft for developing web applications, APIs, and microservices. It uses common patterns like MVC (Model-View-Controller), dependency injection, and a request pipeline composed of middleware.
ASP.NET Core runs on top of Microsoft's .NET runtime environment, similar to the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) or the Ruby interpreter. You can write ASP.NET Core applications in a number of languages (C#, Visual Basic, and F#). C# is the most popular choice, and that's what we'll use in this article.
The benefits of ASP.NET Core
ASP.NET Core has many benefits over its predecessor, ASP.NET. Some of them are:
It's open source and cross-platform. You can run ASP.NET Core applications on Windows, Linux, or macOS.
It's lightweight and modular. You can choose only the components you need for your application and avoid unnecessary dependencies.
It's high-performance and scalable. ASP.NET Core applications can handle millions of requests per second and scale easily with cloud services.
It's flexible and extensible. You can customize every aspect of your application and use third-party libraries and frameworks.
The main features of ASP.NET Core
ASP.NET Core has many features that make it a powerful and productive web framework. Some of them are:
MVC pattern. MVC is a design pattern that separates an application into three components: model (data), view (user interface), and controller (logic). This helps you organize your code and make it easier to maintain and test.
Razor Pages. Razor Pages are a simpler alternative to MVC that use a single file to combine the view and the controller logic. They are ideal for simple pages that don't require complex interactions.
Blazor. Blazor is a feature that lets you write interactive web UIs using C# instead of JavaScript. You can run Blazor on the server or on the browser using WebAssembly.
SignalR. SignalR is a feature that enables real-time communication between the server and the client. You can use SignalR to create chat applications, online games, dashboards, and more.
Identity. Identity is a feature that provides authentication and authorization for your web application. You can use Identity to manage users, roles, passwords, and social login providers.
Entity Framework Core. Entity Framework Core is an object-relational mapper (ORM) that lets you access and manipulate data using C# objects instead of SQL queries. You can use Entity Framework Core to work with various databases, such as SQL Server, SQLite, PostgreSQL, and more.
How to download and install ASP.NET Core
To start developing web applications with ASP.NET Core, you need to download and install the following prerequisites:
The prerequisites for ASP.NET Core
.NET SDK. The .NET SDK is a software development kit that contains the tools and libraries you need to build and run .NET applications. You can download the latest version of the .NET SDK from https://dotnet.microsoft.com/download.
Visual Studio Code. Visual Studio Code is a lightweight and powerful code editor that supports many languages and extensions. You can download Visual Studio Code from https://code.visualstudio.com/download.
C# extension for Visual Studio Code. The C# extension adds support for C# language features, debugging, testing, and more. You can install the C# extension from the Visual Studio Code marketplace or by searching for "C#" in the Extensions tab.
The steps to download and install ASP.NET Core
Once you have the prerequisites installed, you can follow these steps to download and install ASP.NET Core:
Open Visual Studio Code and create a new folder for your project.
Open a terminal in Visual Studio Code by selecting Terminal > New Terminal from the menu bar or pressing Ctrl+Shift+`.
Type the following command in the terminal to create a new ASP.NET Core web application project: dotnet new webapp -o aspnetcoreapp. The command above creates a new web application project named aspnetcoreapp in the current folder.
Type the following command in the terminal to trust the development HTTPS certificate: dotnet dev-certs https --trust. The command above shows a dialog box asking you to trust the certificate. Select Yes if you trust the certificate.
Type the following command in the terminal to run the application: dotnet watch run. The command above starts the application and watches for any changes in the code. It also opens a browser window with the URL https://localhost:5001.
How to create a web application with ASP.NET Core
Now that you have downloaded and installed ASP.NET Core, you can start creating your web application. In this section, you'll learn about the tools and templates for ASP.NET Core web development, the structure and components of an ASP.NET Core web application, and the basics of MVC and Razor Pages.
The tools and templates for ASP.NET Core web development
ASP.NET Core provides various tools and templates to help you create different types of web applications. Some of them are:
The dotnet CLI. The dotnet CLI is a command-line interface that lets you create, build, run, test, and publish .NET applications. You can use the dotnet CLI to create different types of ASP.NET Core projects, such as web apps, APIs, Blazor apps, etc.
The Visual Studio Code editor. The Visual Studio Code editor is a code editor that supports many languages and extensions. You can use Visual Studio Code to write, edit, debug, test, and deploy your ASP.NET Core applications.
The C# extension for Visual Studio Code. The C# extension adds support for C# language features, debugging, testing, and more. You can use the C# extension to get IntelliSense, code completion, syntax highlighting, code formatting, etc.
The ASP.NET Core project templates. The ASP.NET Core project templates are predefined templates that help you create different types of ASP.NET Core applications with minimal configuration. You can use the project templates to create web apps, APIs, Blazor apps, etc.
The structure and components of an ASP.NET Core web application
An ASP.NET Core web application consists of various files and folders that serve different purposes. Some of the main ones are:
The Program.cs file. The Program.cs file is the entry point of the application. It contains the code that creates and configures the host, which is an object that manages the application's resources and services.
The Startup.cs file. The Startup.cs file contains the code that configures the application's services and middleware. Services are components that provide functionality to the application, such as logging, database access, authentication, etc. Middleware are components that handle requests and responses in the pipeline, such as routing, error handling, caching, etc.
The appsettings.json file. The appsettings.json file contains the application's settings and configuration options, such as connection strings, logging levels, environment variables, etc.
The wwwroot folder. The wwwroot folder contains the static files of the application, such as images, stylesheets, scripts, etc. These files are served directly by the web server without any processing by the application.
The Pages folder. The Pages folder contains the Razor Pages files of the application. Razor Pages are a simpler alternative to MVC that use a single file to combine the view and the controller logic. Each Razor Page file has a .cshtml extension and consists of two parts: HTML markup and C# code.
The Controllers folder. The Controllers folder contains the controller classes of the application. Controllers are classes that handle requests and responses in an MVC application. Each controller class has a .cs extension and inherits from the ControllerBase class.
The Views folder. The Views folder contains the view files of the application. Views are files that generate HTML output for the user interface in an MVC application. Each view file has a .cshtml extension and consists of HTML markup and C# code.
The Models folder. The Models folder contains the model classes of the application. Models are classes that represent the data and business logic of the application in an MVC or Razor Pages application. Each model class has a .cs extension and can have properties, methods, validations, etc.
The basics of MVC (Model-View-Controller) pattern
MVC is a design pattern that separates an application into three components: model (data), view (user interface), and controller (logic). This helps you organize your code and make it easier to maintain and test.
In an ASP.NET Core MVC application, the request flow is as follows:
The user sends a request to the web server.
The web server forwards the request to the ASP.NET Core middleware pipeline.
The routing middleware matches the request URL to a controller action method.
The controller action method receives the request parameters and performs some logic.
The controller action method returns a view or some other result to the middleware pipeline.
The middleware pipeline sends the response back to the web server.
The web server sends the response back to the user.
The basics of Razor Pages
Razor Pages are a simpler alternative to MVC that use a single file to combine the view and the controller logic. They are ideal for simple pages that don't require complex interactions.
In an ASP.NET Core Razor Pages application, the request flow is as follows:
The user sends a request to the web server.
The web server forwards the request to the ASP.NET Core middleware pipeline.
The routing middleware matches the request URL to a Razor Page file.
The Razor Page file receives the request parameters and performs some logic.
The Razor Page file returns HTML output or some other result to the middleware pipeline.
The middleware pipeline sends the response back to the web server.
The web server sends the response back to the user.
Once you have created your ASP.NET Core web application, you can run and debug it using various tools and techniques. In this section, you'll learn about the options to run an ASP.NET Core web application and the tools and techniques to debug an ASP.NET Core web application.
The options to run an ASP.NET Core web application
ASP.NET Core web applications can be run in different ways depending on your needs and preferences. Some of the options are:
The dotnet CLI. The dotnet CLI is a command-line interface that lets you run .NET applications. You can use the dotnet CLI to run your ASP.NET Core web application by typing dotnet run in the terminal. This will start the application and listen on a default port (usually 5000 or 5001).
The Visual Studio Code editor. The Visual Studio Code editor is a code editor that supports debugging and running .NET applications. You can use Visual Studio Code to run your ASP.NET Core web application by selecting Run > Start Debugging from the menu bar or pressing F5. This will launch the application and attach a debugger to it.
The browser. The browser is the tool that displays the HTML output of your ASP.NET Core web application. You can use the browser to run your ASP.NET Core web application by typing the URL of your application in the address bar (usually https://localhost:5001). This will send a request to your application and display the response.
The tools and techniques to debug an ASP.NET Core web application
Debugging is the process of finding and fixing errors in your code. Debugging an ASP.NET Core web application can be done using various tools and techniques. Some of them are:
The Visual Studio Code editor. The Visual Studio Code editor is a code editor that supports debugging .NET applications. You can use Visual Studio Code to debug your ASP.NET Core web application by setting breakpoints, inspecting variables, stepping through code, etc.
The C# extension for Visual Studio Code. The C# extension adds support for C# language features, debugging, testing, and more. You can use the C# extension to get IntelliSense, code completion, syntax highlighting, code formatting, etc.
The developer tools of the browser. The developer tools of the browser are a set of tools that help you inspect and modify the HTML, CSS, and JavaScript of your web page. You can use the developer tools of the browser to debug your ASP.NET Core web application by inspecting elements, viewing network requests, logging messages, etc.
The logging middleware of ASP.NET Core. The logging middleware of ASP.NET Core is a component that writes information about requests and responses to various destinations, such as console, file, database, etc. You can use the logging middleware of ASP.NET Core to debug your ASP.NET Core web application by configuring logging levels, sources, and providers.
Conclusion
In this article, you've learned what ASP.NET Core is, how to download and install it, how to create a web application with it, and how to run and debug it. You've also learned about the benefits, features, structure, and components of ASP.NET Core web development. By now, you should have a solid foundation of ASP.NET Core web development and be ready to explore more advanced topics.
FAQs
What is the difference between ASP.NET and ASP.NET Core?
ASP.NET is a web framework that was created by Microsoft in 2002 for developing web applications using .NET Framework. ASP.NET Core is a newer and improved version of ASP.NET that was created by Microsoft in 2016 for developing web applications using .NET Core or .NET 5+. ASP.NET Core is open source, cross-platform, lightweight, modular, high-performance, flexible, and extensible.
What are some of the advantages of using MVC pattern?
MVC pattern is a design pattern that separates an application into three components: model (data), view (user interface), and controller (logic). Some of the advantages of using MVC pattern are:
It helps you organize your code and make it easier to maintain and test.
It enables separation of concerns and loose coupling between components.
It facilitates reuse and modularity of code.
It supports multiple views for the same model.
What are some of the alternatives to MVC and Razor Pages?
MVC and Razor Pages are two of the most common ways to create web applications with ASP.NET Core. However, they are not the only ones. Some of the alternatives to MVC and Razor Pages are:
Blazor. Blazor is a feature that lets you write interactive web UIs using C# instead of JavaScript. You can run Blazor on the server or on the browser using WebAssembly.
SignalR. SignalR is a feature that enables real-time communication between the server and the client. You can use SignalR to create chat applications, online games, dashboards, and more.
gRPC. gRPC is a feature that enables high-performance, cross-platform, and contract-based communication between services. You can use gRPC to create APIs and microservices.
How can I learn more about ASP.NET Core web development?
There are many resources available online to help you learn more about ASP.NET Core web development. Some of them are:
The official documentation of ASP.NET Core: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/
The official tutorials of ASP.NET Core: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/tutorials/
The official blog of ASP.NET Core: https://devblogs.microsoft.com/aspnet/
The official YouTube channel of ASP.NET Core: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCvtT19MZW8dq5Wwfu6B0oxw
The official GitHub repository of ASP.NET Core: https://github.com/dotnet/aspnetcore
How can I get help or feedback on my ASP.NET Core web development projects?
If you have any questions, issues, or feedback on your ASP.NET Core web development projects, you can use the following channels to get help or feedback:
The official support page of ASP.NET Core: https://dotnet.microsoft.com/platform/support
The official community page of ASP.NET Core: https://dotnet.microsoft.com/platform/community
The official forums of ASP.NET Core: https://forums.asp.net/
The official Stack Overflow tag of ASP.NET Core: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/asp.net-core
The official Twitter account of ASP.NET Core: @aspnet
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